The right to privacy often clashes with other rights or interests. We have seen it in the debate over tracing apps during the COVID pandemic, or in the recurrent debates on whether security authorities should collect personal data to fight serious crime or terrorism. These conflicts make it necessary to balance privacy and these competing considerations. The question is: how do we find the right balance? The thesis The Right to Privacy: A Challenge for Judicial and Political Balancing develops a framework to address this question. It rejects an economic approach which would reduce privacy to a commodity and present balancing as a mathematical calculation. Instead, the thesis develops a framework that builds on the interplay between two perspectives, that of courts and of legislatures. This framework seeks to reflect two important features of privacy, the status of the right to privacy as a basic right and the multitude of different privacy conceptions that we find in liberal democratic societies.